一、Fragments句子碎片
1. 含义:
(1)句子成分的错误或缺失而需要改正的句子。
2. 类型:
(1)连词的误用
(2)代词的误用
3. 用法
(1)连词的误用:多余的连词可删除。
例如1:Tom, a talented and smart boy, and studies SAT. ❌
解析:本句中Tom是主语,a talented and smart boy是插入语修饰Tom,连词and前只有主语和插入语,而and后只有谓语studies和宾语SAT,故前后的成分缺失。
如何修改呢?
去掉连词and后,句子成分完整了,改正后如例句2.
例句2: Tom, a talented and smart boy, studies SAT.
(2)代词的误用:多余的代词可删除。
例句3: Tom, a talented and smart boy, he studies SAT. ❌
解析:本句中Tom是主语,a talented and smart boy是插入语修饰Tom,代词he前面前只有主语和插入语,而he后只有谓语studies和宾语SAT,句子成分不完整,故前后的成分缺失。
如何修改呢?
改法1: 去掉代词he后,句子成分完整了,改正后如例句2.
改法2: 补充缺失的句子成分,可以改为并列句,改正后如例句4.
例句4:Tom is a talented and smart boy and he studies SAT.
解析:本句中加入谓语动词is和连词and后,变为并列句,句子成分完整。
题目检测
题目检测 1
Cristiano Ronaldo, one of the most talented and gifted soccer players in the world, won the first game of the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
A. NO CHANGE
B. world, and winning
C. world, was winning
D. world, and is winning
解析:通过连词and看出是句子碎片的考点,根据“多余的连词可删除”的原则,排除B和D项;而C罗赢得世界杯首秀赛是过去已经发生的事,所以不能用过去进行时和现在进行时,故排除C项;而A项的won可以表达过去发生的事,所以选A。
题目检测 2
Mbappe, leading team France in the the 2022 FIFA World Cup, and failing to defend the title in the final.
A. NO CHANGE
B. Cup, is failing
C. Cup, failed
D. Cup, and will fail
解析:通过连词and看出是句子碎片的考点,根据“多余的连词可删除”的原则,排除A和D项;本句中Mbappe是主语,leading是插入语修饰主语;而蒙巴佩在决赛中没有成功卫冕冠军是过去已经发生的事,所以不能用现在进行时和一般将来时,故排除B项;而C项的fail可以表达过去发生的事,所以选C。
题目检测 3
China, known as the fast growing countries in the world, it achieved their goals one by one because they followed their 5-year plans.
A. NO CHANGE
B. world, it is achieved by
C. world, achieved
D. world, is achieving
解析:通过代词it看出是句子碎片的考点,根据“多余的代词可删除”的原则,排除A和B项;本句中China是主语,known as...world是插入语修饰主语,中国完成了目标是过去已经发生的事,所以不能用现在进行时,故排除D项;而C项的achieved可以表达已经完成的事,所以选C。
题目检测 4
After lost the final game of FIFA World Cup 2022, France fans riot in Paris after World Cup defeat as armed police pelt them with tear gas.
A. NO CHANGE
B. fans they riot
C. fans they are rioting
D. fans rioting
解析:通过代词they看出是句子碎片的考点,根据“多余的代词可删除”的原则,排除没有谓语动词的D项;本句中France fans是主语,B和C项的they明显多余,故排除B和C项;而A项中after+短语,主语是France fans, riot是主句的谓语动词,as引导的是从句,故主从句内容完整,故选A。