reasons

　　1、Because

　　2、Since

　　3、Owe...to...

　　4、Thanks to

　　5、In view of

　　6、Accordingly

　　例句：

　　So thanks to hydroponics,the astronauts also have fresh air to breathe.(TPO50)

　　results

　　当想要表示“所以”的时候，最基本的表达是“so”“as a result”。不过除了这个以外，你还能用一下这些表达进行替换：

　　1、Hence

　　2、Thus

　　3、Consequently

　　4、Therefore

　　例句：

　　Some people may choose to turn off the television in order to avoid watching repetitive advertisements.Hence/Consequently/Therefore，the main goal of advertisements is not complete.

　　examples

　　1、For instance

　　2、Such as

　　3、Take...as an example

　　4、...is a case in point

　　例句：

　　The temperature at the upper timberline is probably more important in preventing tree growth than factors such as the amount of snowfall or the force of winds.

　　comparisons

　　1、In contrast

　　2、Instead of

　　3、Equally

　　4、Rather than

　　5、Conversely

　　例句：

　　To take an extreme example,farmlands dominated by a singlecrop are so unstable that one year of bad weather or the invasionof a single pest can destroy the entire crop.

　　In contrast,acomplex climax community,such as a temperate forest,will tolerate considerable damage from weather orpests.

　　a process or list

　　1、First/second/then;

　　2、At the same time

　　3、Before long

　　4、Nowadays

　　5、For one thing

　　例句：

　　For one thing , while some of the balls are carved with intricate patterns,many others have markings that are extremely simple,too simple to make the balls look like status symbols.Furthermore,we know that in Neolithic Britain,when someone died,particularly a high-ranking person,they were usually buried with their possessions.(TPO33)

　　conclusions

　　1、In conclusion/in summary

　　2、To sum up

　　3、In short

　　4、On the whole

　　在托福口语和托福写作中加入适当的过渡词/短语是非常有用的，因为它们能够极大增加表达的流畅性和整体性。但是，d大家在使用时也需要注意对应的语法和语义是否正确。另外，需要注意的是，不要过度使用，反而会让我们的表达变得非常生硬且形式化。