1. ancestor
n. 祖宗;祖先；
e.g. to worship the ancestors 祭祖
e.g. Twelve thousand years ago, our ancestors were primitive savages living in caves.
注：savage 野蛮人;未开化的人
听力真题 6-4-4
The ancestors of the Gir Sanctuary lions were protected by a prince.
原文：
It is because all of them are descended from a few dozen lions that were saved by a prince.
注：be descended from起源于…；是…的后裔
n. descendant 
syn. antecedent
ante- 前缀：“前面”“在…之前”
e.g. Many people feel a great curiosity to find out about their antecedents.
需要区分的单词：
predecessor: /'priːdɪsesə/
n. a person who had a job or position before someone else. 更多侧重于工作上的前辈，前任等。
2. immediate 
adj. 直系的；
Hospital visits are limited to immediate family. 直系亲属。
如：parents; spouses; children；grandparents
另有一个表达：nuclear family
核心家庭：范围更小，多指爸妈和小孩组成的家庭。
e.g. Today we tend to live in small nuclear families rather than large extended families. 
注：extended family 大家庭
distant family 远房亲戚
补充： 
close-knit family/ community
互相关爱的；关系紧密的家庭、社区。
3. bond /ˈbɑːnd/
n. 纽带；联系；关系
e.g. family/kinship bonds 家庭/亲属关系
e.g. Family meals allow for conversation and strengthen the family bonds. 
e.g. Lilo meets and forms an unbreakable bond with Stitch.
注：口语话题常用 strengthen/form/ forge bonds 表示亲情;友情;爱情等纽带关系。
v. 形成亲近关系 bond with sb. 
e.g. We were strangers at first, but we bonded with each other quickly.
4. lineage /'lɪnɪɪdʒ/
n. 家系；家族；血统
They can trace their lineage back to the 18th century. 血统追溯到…
5. kinship
n. 亲属关系；
n. 亲切感；亲近感
搭配：feel a (sense of) kinship
e.g. He feels a strong kinship with his admirers and fans.